Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-GitHub ekubhaleni amakhodi ekupheleni nokuthuthukiswa?

Ezweni elisheshayo lokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe, ukusebenza kahle kubalulekile. I-GitHub ingelinye lamathuluzi okuthuthukisa eselibaluleke kakhulu kwabaningi embonini. Akuyona nje indawo yokugcina ikhodi; iyinkundla enamandla esekela wonke umjikelezo wokuphila wokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe, kusukela ekuhleleni ukuya ekukhululweni. Ngosizo oluvela ethimbeni elisemthethweni le-GitHub, ake sibone indlela yokusebenzisa i-GitHub ukuze uqondise inqubo yakho yokuthuthukisa futhi uqinisekise ukuthi amaphrojekthi akho ayasebenza futhi avikelekile.

I-GitHub iqale njengendawo yokugcina ikhodi elula, kodwa isikhule yaba ngaphezu kwalokho. Namuhla iyisikhungo sokuphathwa kwephrojekthi, ukulandelela izinkinga nokusebenzisana phakathi kwamaqembu. Ngokuhlanganisa lezi zakhi endaweni eyodwa, i-GitHub yenza kube lula ukuhamba ngezigaba ezihlukene zokuthuthuka. Lokhu kungaholela ekuhambeni komsebenzi okuphumelelayo futhi konge isikhathi esibalulekile.

Esinye sezici eziphawuleka kakhulu ze-GitHub yi-Code Spaces. Leli thuluzi livumela abathuthukisi ukuthi bamise ngokushesha izindawo zokuthuthukiswa ezilungiselelwe ngokugcwele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungaqala ukubhala amakhodi, ukuhlola kanye nokususa iphutha noma yikuphi, ngaphandle kokuthi usethe indawo yendawo. Lokhu akugcini nje konga isikhathi, kodwa futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu eqenjini usebenza ngokusethwa okufanayo, ukunciphisa ukungahambisani.

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-GitHub

Ubuhlakani bokwenziwa bungena kuzo zonke izindawo zobuchwepheshe, futhi i-GitHub nayo ihlukile. I-GitHub Co-Pilot iyithuluzi elinamandla e-AI elisiza onjiniyela babhale ikhodi engcono. Inikeza iziphakamiso nomongo, okwenza kube lula ukuzulazula kuma-codebase ayinkimbinkimbi nokugcina amazinga aphezulu. Lokhu kunganciphisa kakhulu isikhathi onjiniyela abasichitha emisebenzini yokubhala amakhodi.

Ukuphepha kuyinkinga enkulu ekuthuthukisweni kwesoftware, futhi i-GitHub inezici eziqinile zokuyilungisa. Inkundla ihlanganisa ukuhlola okuzenzakalelayo kokuphepha ekuhlanganisweni okuqhubekayo nokulethwa (CI/CD) namaphayiphi namakhosombe. Izici ezifana nokuskena okuyimfihlo, ukuvikelwa kohlelo lokusebenza, nokuskena kwe-CodeQL kusiza ukukhomba ubungozi ekuqaleni kwenqubo yokuthuthukisa. Ngokuhlanganisa lezi zilawuli, i-GitHub iqinisekisa ukuthi ukuphepha kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuhamba komsebenzi wakho.

Ukuphathwa kwephrojekthi kungenye indawo lapho i-GitHub ikhanya khona. Nge-GitHub Projects, ungenza ngendlela oyifisayo ukubuka ukuze uphathe futhi ulandelele ukuphindwaphindwa komsebenzi. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kusho ukuthi i-GitHub ingafanelana nezidingo ezithile zephrojekthi yakho, iqinisekise ukuthi umsebenzi wakho uphathwa kahle.

Kubalawuli benhlangano, i-GitHub ihlinzeka ngamathuluzi okuphatha kanye nokuphathwa kwezisetshenziswa. Izinqubomgomo ze-Code Spaces zingasiza ukulawula ukusetshenziswa kwengqalasizinda, ukuqinisekisa ukuthobelana nokusebenzisa kahle izinsiza. Ukwengeza, i-GitHub isiza ukuvikela idatha ebucayi ngokuphatha okuphephile kwezimfihlo kuzilungiselelo zekhosombe ngaphakathi Kwezikhala Zekhodi.

Ukusetha izindawo zokuthuthuka kungaba inqubo ekhathazayo, kodwa i-GitHub ikwenza kube lula ngemodeli yefayela lesiqukathi se-Dev. Ngokusetha ukucushwa kwendawo yakho kanye, ungakuphinda kuzo zonke izikhala zekhodi, wonge isikhathi futhi wehlise ubungozi bamaphutha.

I-automation yokuhlola enye indawo lapho i-GitHub ingasiza ekuhleleni inqubo yakho yokuthuthukisa. Ngezenzo ze-GitHub, ungakwazi ukuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kweyunithi kumapayipi akho e-CI/CD. Lokhu kwenza ukuhlolwa kwekhodi ngokuzenzakalelayo ngoshintsho ngalunye, okwenza kube lula ukuhlonza izinkinga kusenesikhathi. I-GitHub Actions futhi ikuvumela ukuthi uphathe izicelo zokudonsa ngokuqondile endaweni yakho yokuthuthuka, wenze inqubo yokubuyekezwa kwekhodi ibe lula.

Ukugcina izindinganiso kuwo wonke amaphrojekthi kubalulekile, futhi i-GitHub isiza ukuphoqelela imithetho yenqolobane ezingeni lenhlangano. Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amaphrojekthi ahlangabezana nezindinganiso ezisemthethweni nezimfuneko. Ekugcineni, i-GitHub yenza ukulandelela udaba kube lula ngesici esizenzakalelayo sokuvala udaba. Uma izinguquko zekhodi ezihlobene nenkinga sezibophezelekile, inkinga ivalwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, kugcina iphrojekthi yakho isesikhathini samanje.

Ukubuka konke okusheshayo kwezici ze-GitHub

• Ukumisa nokuqalisa indawo yokugcina:
  • Dala i-akhawunti ye-GitHub: Bhalisa ku-GitHub.com.
  • Faka i-Git: Landa futhi ufake i-Git emshinini wangakini.
  • Qalisa indawo yokugcina (i-repo): Ngemva kokudala indawo yokugcina entsha ku-GitHub, yihlanganise emshinini wakho wasendaweni usebenzisa git clone [URL]. Lokhu kudala indawo yokusebenza yendawo.
• Ukulawulwa kwenguqulo nokuhlanganisa:
  • Qonda Okuyisisekelo Kwe-Git: Jayela imiyalo eyisisekelo ye-Git njenge-git add, githi commit et git push.
  • Igatsha: Ukuze uthole izici ezintsha noma ukulungiswa kweziphazamisi, dala amagatsha usebenzisa git branch [nom-branche]. Lokhu kusiza ukuhlela izinguquko futhi kuzihlukanise nesisekelo sekhodi eyinhloko.
  • Thumela izinguquko: Ngemva kokwenza izinguquko, sebenzisa git add esiteji amafayela kanye git commit ukulondoloza izinguquko zakho ngomlayezo ochazayo.
  • Izinguquko zokudlulisa: Sebenzisa git push ukuze ulayishe izinguquko kusuka egatsheni lakho lasendaweni kuya endaweni yokugcina ye-GitHub.
• Ukusebenzisana :
  • Donsa Izicelo (PR): Ukuze uhlanganise izinguquko zakho egatsheni eliyinhloko, dala i-PR ku-GitHub. Lesi isicelo sokubuyekeza futhi sihlanganise izinguquko zakho egatsheni lesisekelo.
  • Ukubuyekezwa Kwekhodi: Amalungu eqembu abuyekeza izinguquko eziqukethwe kuma-PRs, axoxe ngazo, futhi aphakamise ukuthuthukiswa.
  • Hlanganisa: Ngemva kokugunyazwa, izinguquko zihlanganiswa egatsheni eliyinhloko.
• Ukulandelela inkinga nokuphathwa kwephrojekthi:
  • Izinkinga: Sebenzisa Izinkinga ze-GitHub ukuze ulandelele imisebenzi, ukuthuthukiswa, neziphazamisi. Basiza ukuhlela nokubeka phambili umsebenzi.
  • Amabhodi Ephrojekthi: Sebenzisa amabhodi ephrojekthi ukuze ubone ngeso lengqondo futhi ulawule ukugeleza komsebenzi, ukuhlukanisa izinkinga kanye nama-PR abe amakholomu njengokuthi Okwenziwayo, Kuyaqhubeka, nokuthi Kwenziwe.
• Ukuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo/ukuthunyelwa okuqhubekayo (CI/CD):
  • Hlanganisa amathuluzi e-CI/CD: Sebenzisa amathuluzi afana ne-Jenkins, Travis CI, noma Izenzo ze-GitHub ukuze wenze ukuhlola nokusetshenziswa ngokuzenzakalelayo.
  • Ukuhlola okuzenzakalelayo: Lungiselela ukuhlola ukuthi kusebenze ngokuzenzakalela kukho konke ukusunduza noma i-RP ukuze uqinisekise ubuqotho bekhodi.
  • Ukuthunyelwa okuzenzakalelayo: Lungiselela ukuthunyelwa okuzenzakalelayo endaweni yokukhiqiza noma yokuhlola lapho ukuhlola kuphumelela.
• Amadokhumenti :
  • FUNDA: Lapho udala inqolobane ye-GitHub, kuhlala kungcono kakhulu ukudala ifayela le-README ukuze uchaze iphrojekthi yakho, indlela yokufaka nokuyisebenzisa, kanye nanoma yiluphi olunye ulwazi olubalulekile.
  • Izinkombandlela Zomnikelo: Uma iphrojekthi ivulekele iminikelo yomphakathi, engeza imihlahlandlela ye-CONTRIBUTION ukuze usize abanye baqonde indlela yokubamba iqhaza ngempumelelo.
• Ukuphepha nokuhambisana:
  • Izikena zokuphepha: Sebenzisa njalo amathuluzi afana ne-GitHub's Dependabot ukuze uskene okuncikile ukuze uthole ubungozi.
  • Ukunikeza Ilayisense Nokuthobelana: Qiniseka ukuthi iphrojekthi yakho inelayisensi efanele futhi ithobela zonke izimfuneko zomthetho ezifanele.
• Ukuqapha kanye nempendulo:
  • Gada umsebenzi: Bheka umsebenzi wekhosombe, ohlanganisa izinkinga nama-PRs.
  • Qoqa impendulo: Sebenzisa izindaba, izingxoxo, kanye nempendulo eqondile ukuze uphindaphinde futhi uthuthukise iphrojekthi.
• Izici ezithuthukile:
  • Izenzo ze-GitHub: Hlela ukugeleza komsebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze wakhe, uhlole, futhi usebenzise ikhodi yakho ngokuqondile ukusuka ku-GitHub.
  • Amakhasi we-GitHub: Bamba imibhalo yephrojekthi yakho noma amakhasi ewebhu ngokuqondile kusuka endaweni yokugcina ye-GitHub.

I-GitHub ikhule isuka endaweni yokugcina ikhodi elula iye kukhithi yamathuluzi ehlanganisa zonke izigaba zomjikelezo wokuphila wokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe. Ngokusebenzisa izici ezinikezayo, onjiniyela banganciphisa ukungqubuzana enqubweni yokuthuthukisa, bathuthukise ukubambisana, futhi bahlanganise ukuphepha ngaphandle komthungo. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe yesimanje, i-GitHub ingaphezu nje kwethuluzi; iyinkundla ebalulekile esekela onjiniyela kusukela ezigabeni zokuqala zokuhlela kuya ekukhishweni kokugcina. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenza kuphrojekthi encane noma uphatha iqembu elikhulu, uma ufuna ukufunda okwengeziwe ngokusebenzisa i-GitHub nezici ezizokusiza uqedele iphrojekthi yakho elandelayo, yiya kusayithi kanye nebhulogi ye-GitHub esemthethweni.

Amakhredithi esithombe: GitHub